
📶 Telecom · Data Flow
How network usage becomes a customer bill: call detail records, mediation, rating against the plan, billing and invoicing.
Drawing diagram…
Data flow for telecom billing: network elements (switches, packet core, SMSC) produce CDRs, mediation collects, validates, de-duplicates and normalises them, the rating engine prices each record using the customer's plan from the product catalog and applies allowances, rated records accumulate in the billing system, which at cycle end applies discounts and taxes (GST), produces invoices and posts them to the customer's account and the general ledger; disputes feed back as adjustments.
flowchart LR NE[Network: switches, packet core, SMSC] -->|Raw CDRs| MED[Mediation] MED -->|Clean, de-duplicated usage| RAT[Rating Engine] PC[(Product Catalog - plans)] -->|Tariffs and allowances| RAT RAT -->|Rated usage| BIL[Billing] BIL -->|Discounts and GST at cycle end| INV[Invoices] INV --> CUS[Customer Accounts] INV --> GL[General Ledger] CUS -->|Disputes| ADJ[Adjustments] ADJ --> BIL
A simplified 5G standalone network: phones and radio sites, the 5G core network functions, and the connection out to the internet.
The states a mobile SIM goes through, from stock in the warehouse to active service, suspension, porting out and deactivation.
The IT stack of a mobile operator: business support systems (CRM, billing, orders) and operations support systems (inventory, provisioning, assurance).
How a subscriber moves their number to another operator: porting code, request through the clearing house, donor approval and cutover.
What happens when a customer recharges a prepaid mobile: plan selection, payment, balance update in the charging system and confirmation.
A schema for subscriber data: customers, accounts, subscriptions (numbers), plans, SIMs and bills.